Moisture Optimization During Feed Mixing: A Key to Better Extruded Feed Quality

Moisture plays a crucial role in the feed extrusion process, influencing the quality, durability, and nutrient retention of the final product. Unlike pellet mills, which typically operate at moisture levels around 17 to 19%, extruders run at significantly higher moisture contents, usually between 25 and 32%. Some extruders may use slightly lower moisture, but higher moisture levels are generally essential for effective extrusion.

One of the primary functions of moisture in extrusion is to improve the thermal conductivity of heat into the feed mash during preconditioning. The preconditioner is a critical stage where water and steam are added, and thorough mixing at this point ensures uniform moisture distribution. This even mixing helps the heat penetrate the feed mash more efficiently, resulting in better cooking and gelatinization of starches vital for pellet structure and digestibility.

Higher moisture in extruded feeds also promotes better vitamin survival compared to dry processing methods. Vitamins added to the mix retain their potency longer due to less heat-related degradation, thanks to the moisture's protective effect. This moisture, combined with the extrusion process, binds the feed particles more tightly, extending the shelf life and nutritional value of the extruded product beyond what is achievable in conventional pelleting or dry extrusion.

Another benefit of increased moisture is its impact on feed density. Moisture reduces the expansion of feed during extrusion, allowing for denser pellets without significantly limiting the cooking process. Denser extruded feeds often lead to improved animal performance because they deliver nutrients more consistently and with less waste.

In summary, optimizing moisture during feed mixing and extrusion is vital for producing high-quality extruded feeds. It enhances heat transfer, preserves nutrients, improves pellet density, and ultimately supports better animal nutrition and feed efficiency.

Mastering moisture control in the feed extrusion process is paramount for producing high-quality feeds that offer enhanced heat transfer, superior nutrient preservation, and optimal pellet density. This expertise is vital for maximizing feed efficiency and animal health. To gain a deeper understanding of these critical principles and to master the entire feed production process, consider enrolling in the Aqua Feed Milling Management course. This comprehensive program, which will be held in Bangkok from November 18–21, 2025, offers hands-on training and expert insights to help you perfect your milling techniques and stay ahead in the industry.